Moses Asch purchased the "race records" heard on this album in 1941 for 15 cents each. Demonstrating some of the musical styles characteristic of the American South that proved influential in shaping what is now called Jazz, the selections range from folk songs to urban blues to boogie-woogie piano; artists include Dock Reese, Lead Belly, Scrapper Blackwell, Bessie Tucker and Champion Jack Dupree.